Anaerobic Digestion for Developing Countries with Cold Climates
Utilizing solar heat to address technical challenges and facilitating dissemination through the use of carbon finance
Summary
A large proportion of the rural poor in developing countries have no access to a secure source of energy. The rural poor in developing countries rely primarily on traditional biomasses, such as wood and charcoal. The reliance on traditional biomasses and solid fuels result in substantial human, social and environmental cost. To tackle these costs a switch to a clean fuel is required. One of the solutions is anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure or other biodegradable matter to produce a clean fuel: biogas.
The principle of AD has been known for 3-4 centuries and in 1920 the first digester was designed for house on site biogas production. A digester is a technology which converts the commonly found wastes in rural areas, manures, in a controlled anaerobic environment to biogas and an excellent fertilizer. Biogas is a clean, convenient, versatile and environmentally benign fuel which does not pollute the indoor air. Furthermore, a biogas plant has several additional benefits, such as replacing bought or collected wood (time or revenue savings), provision of light by biogas lamps, empowerment of women by relieving them of the drudgeries of traditional fuel gathering. A toilet is in most cases attached to a digester which improves sanitation, a significant virtue since the majority of the poor lack access to sanitation. The effluent from the digester, digestate, has a high fertilizer value comparable to chemical fertilizers. Digestate is also an excellent fish feed and can enhance fish yields. The adoption of biogas digesters has considerable spillovers to the local, national and even to a global level. For instance, at local level, employment opportunities, skills development and reduced pressure on the forest. At a national level, it leads to less health costs, more employment, and potential foreign exchange earnings and at a global level: greenhouse gas emission mitigation. Consequently, the cumulative effects of these benefits alleviate poverty and contribute to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.
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Anaerobic Digestion for Developing Countries with Cold Climates http://www.wecf.eu/download/2009/EricBuysman-AnearobicDigestionforDevelopingCountrieswithColdClimates-June2009-MasterThesis-Final.pdf
Utilizing solar heat to address technical challenges and facilitating dissemination through the use of carbon finance
Summary
A large proportion of the rural poor in developing countries have no access to a secure source of energy. The rural poor in developing countries rely primarily on traditional biomasses, such as wood and charcoal. The reliance on traditional biomasses and solid fuels result in substantial human, social and environmental cost. To tackle these costs a switch to a clean fuel is required. One of the solutions is anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure or other biodegradable matter to produce a clean fuel: biogas.
The principle of AD has been known for 3-4 centuries and in 1920 the first digester was designed for house on site biogas production. A digester is a technology which converts the commonly found wastes in rural areas, manures, in a controlled anaerobic environment to biogas and an excellent fertilizer. Biogas is a clean, convenient, versatile and environmentally benign fuel which does not pollute the indoor air. Furthermore, a biogas plant has several additional benefits, such as replacing bought or collected wood (time or revenue savings), provision of light by biogas lamps, empowerment of women by relieving them of the drudgeries of traditional fuel gathering. A toilet is in most cases attached to a digester which improves sanitation, a significant virtue since the majority of the poor lack access to sanitation. The effluent from the digester, digestate, has a high fertilizer value comparable to chemical fertilizers. Digestate is also an excellent fish feed and can enhance fish yields. The adoption of biogas digesters has considerable spillovers to the local, national and even to a global level. For instance, at local level, employment opportunities, skills development and reduced pressure on the forest. At a national level, it leads to less health costs, more employment, and potential foreign exchange earnings and at a global level: greenhouse gas emission mitigation. Consequently, the cumulative effects of these benefits alleviate poverty and contribute to achieve the Millennium Development Goals.
Download
Anaerobic Digestion for Developing Countries with Cold Climates http://www.wecf.eu/download/2009/EricBuysman-AnearobicDigestionforDevelopingCountrieswithColdClimates-June2009-MasterThesis-Final.pdf
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